Other causes of failed PEth test for alcohol abuse?

Posted by gjones1956 @gjones1956, Nov 14, 2017

My daughter undergoes periodic peth testing for alchohol abuse. She fails regularly, although swears she drinks NOTHING. We have reason to believe she is telling the truth. Assuming she is indeed not drinking, is there a physical condition or ailment that might produce positive peth tests? She is 29, has enlarged lymph nodes, some kind of mysterious condition that gives her severe hives, etc. We are wondering if some type of autoinflammation or autoimmune condition might explain elevated levels. Our daughter is FINALLY discussing this with her regular doctor but if it is some unusual condition a specialist will be needed. The reason the peth test is required is due to a nasty custody dispute with lots of allegations of misconduct. I just want to know if there is ANYTHING other than alchohol consumption that can lead to positive test results. Any thoughts or knowledge of cases? Thanks for reading.

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My husband has had no alcohol since December 2022. He had a Peth Test done on May 11, 2023 as part of a liver transplant evaluation. It came back at 260 and 388 ng/mL. We immediately disputed the result with his doctor and had him re-tested elsewhere. The second test came back negative. They were done five days apart. The transplant hospital would not accept the re-test and denied a transplant.
More recently he was hospitalized on June 6, 2023 for an infection. He had a negative Peth test on June 7, 2023. He has been hospitalized continuously since June 6. with absolutely no access to alcohol. On June 12, 2023 he had another Peth test with a result of 38 ng/mL How can this be possible?
The tests are clearly erratic and unreliable. They should not be used to determine eligibility for liver transplant.

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@colleenyoung

Welcome @creigstad,

According to this study "Validation of blood phosphatidylethanol as an alcohol consumption biomarker in patients with chronic liver disease" https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4409698/, blood transfusion could potentially affect the results of PEth testing.

See this excerpt:
"Large volume blood transfusions could result in false positive or false negative results for PEth testing, as may have been the case for one of our study participants. It is important to note that this was not necessarily a representative sample of patients with liver disease, as recruitment was completed in a regional referral center for liver diseases."

You may wish to discuss with your medical team.

Jump to this post

Published just days ago:

"Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) is a marker of alcohol consumption used in clinical and forensic settings. PEth positivity in individuals expected to abstain from alcohol can have serious consequences. PEth is located on erythrocytes, thus packed red blood cell (pRBC) transfusion is a potential cause of false-positive results. This report is the first to demonstrate this phenomenon in an authentic patient who was negative for PEth immediately prior to transfusion."

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Published just days ago:

Artificial elevation of phosphatidylethanol due to red blood cell transfusion
Author links open overlay panelChristine L.H. Snozek a, Theresa N. Kinard a, Kathy N. Alegria a, Paul J. Jannetto b, Loralie J. Langman b
a
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ, 85054, USA
b
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA

"Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) is a marker of alcohol consumption used in clinical and forensic settings. PEth positivity in individuals expected to abstain from alcohol can have serious consequences. PEth is located on erythrocytes, thus packed red blood cell (pRBC) transfusion is a potential cause of false-positive results. This report is the first to demonstrate this phenomenon in an authentic patient who was negative for PEth immediately prior to transfusion."

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There are now several other published methods for false positives as well. And I know of another coming.

The irony is, they keep claiming it’s PERFECT, despite the obvious problem with that, while ignoring EASY problems that if identified would render this test VERY legit and useful.

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I was kicked off my transplant list in Jan 2020 for a false reading. The hospital didn't complete cut me loose; my wife and I insisted on it was false. I submitted to weekly PEth and EtG tests for almost 2 years. I was transplanted in Sep 2021 in critical condition, on my very, very last day earth without it. The industry knows about test reliability and it isn't changing, far as I can see. People can be denied, and possibly die, and it can be over a false. With the ratio of donor organs to need where it usually is, I don't expect feds or the industry to have interest in changing this. I've set a low bar for this after my experience.

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My wife is in a custody battle with her ex-husband about her quality of care involving her youngest child. The court has continuously ordered PEth blood tests which she scores in the 50-100 range. I know there's absolutely no alcohol consumption with her. I have a biochemistry, medicinal chemistry degree. There's a number of reasons that these scores can be explained, mostly the method, collection, and handling of the samples, but that's unlikely to consistently happen with multiple clinical samples from various collections at multiple test sites, e.g. her PCP, independent labs, drug testing facilities.
Does anyone know what if anything cam this be linked to these false positive results.

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@yorkie0727

Fair enough @fairlaneowner, I just wasn't sure if the red blood cells in the sample would react with the alcohol from the swab and create the PEth byproduct outside the body. Just a thought. I attached some information from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Admin that has some interesting information on biomarkers including PEth test.

I still am waiting for my appointment with my provider who ordered the PEth test. The information in the SAMHSA brochure, which was directly referenced on my lab report, states that a single biomarker should not be damming and taken into context with other tests for a solid picture. This literature even says false positives are "unlikely but still unknown due to paucity of research".

Jump to this post

The RBC in the sample (in vitro) can absolutely continue to produce PEth. The PDL2 enzyme remains active until essentially frozen -80c

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