Answering questions about COVID-19 vaccines

Feb 10, 2021 | Jennifer O'Hara | @jenohara | Comments (22)

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As new COVID-19 variants spread and more people are vaccinated for COVID-19, people have more questions about COVID-19 vaccines. Dr. Gregory Poland, an infectious diseases expert and head of Mayo Clinic's Vaccine Research Group, says that's understandable with new information released every day.

For instance, people are wondering what type of medications they can take if they're being vaccinated for COVID-19. There are also concerns about whether a person who has been vaccinated for COVID-19 can transmit the virus. And some are asking why they need to wait 14 days, before and after being vaccinated for COVID-19 vaccine, if they are scheduled to be given a different vaccine, such as a shingles vaccine.

In this Mayo Clinic Q&A podcast, Dr. Poland answers these questions and a variety of other listener questions.

To practice safe social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic, this interview was conducted using video conferencing. The sound and video quality are representative of the technology used. For the safety of its patients, staff and visitors, Mayo Clinic has strict masking policies in place. Anyone shown without a mask was recorded prior to COVID-19 or recorded in an area not designated for patient care, where social distancing and other safety protocols were followed.

Connect with others talking about the pandemic and supporting one another in the COVID-19 support group.

Information in this post was accurate at the time of its posting. Due to the fluid nature of the COVID-19 pandemic, scientific understanding, along with guidelines and recommendations, may have changed since the original publication date.

For more information and all your COVID-19 coverage, go to the Mayo Clinic News Network and mayoclinic.org.

Dr. Poland has served as a consultant for Merck & Co. Inc., Medicago Inc., GlaxoSmithKline plc, Sanofi Pasteur, Emergent BioSolutions Inc., Dynavax Technologies Corp., Genentech Inc., Eli Lilly and Co., Kentucky BioProcessing Inc. and Genevant Sciences Corp., and Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc. He is a paid scientific adviser for Johnson & Johnson. Honoraria: Elsevier.

 

Interested in more newsfeed posts like this? Go to the Podcasts blog.

Here are additional short videos from Mayo Clinic expert, Dr. Melanie Swift to help answer questions about the mRNA vaccine, how they work and immune reactions

Dr. Swift explains what mRNA is and how mRNA vaccines work. For more up to date information about COVID-19, visit https://mayocl.in/3aUioXa
https://youtu.be/RvR_yf_haqQ

"[The vaccines] do provoke an immune reaction and that causes symptoms and that shouldn't be confused with being harmful or being unsafe. It's actually what the vaccine's intended to do.
https://youtu.be/htFkanw2ZUk

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@jenniferhunter

@stolzy I also have reactive asthma that is allergic asthma or e-asthma named for the eosinophils that are the white blood cells involved in an allergic reaction in the lungs. I had a first dose of Pfizer Covid vaccine. I also have tightness in my chest not just from asthma, but from a physical problem of muscle and fascia tightness related to thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) which I am working on in physical therapy. I have had a repetitive pattern of trapping phlegm because of the tightness on one side of my chest that then progresses into a bacterial infection, and every once in a while I have to treat with an antibiotic. Here is my experience after the Covid vaccine. My first symptoms were pain at the injection site, then pain in my neck where the jaw connects on that same side, headache and feeling nauseated and that happened within 30 minutes. At 45 minutes, I had some pain in my tongue muscle on the right side in back near my molars. Because that was a concern as possible allergic reaction for tongue swelling, I went to the ER and they administered an IV with the anti-histamines Benadryl, and Famotidine with Prednisone, a steroid. Within 20 minutes, there was no tongue pain and I was discharged. I'm waiting for an appointment to discuss this with my allergist. I felt OK the next day and was breathing fine, but on Day 2 after the shot when those meds wore off, my asthma was worse and my face was a little puffy. I used my steroid asthma inhaler Qvar, and my breathing got better and I also took an antihistamine. Prior to taking the antihistamine, I had some tingling in my face presumably from the slight swelling, and that went away from the anti-histamine. I used the inhaler for about 3 days post injection. I had also had a sinus infection starting at about 4 days after the vaccination, and I am currently treating that. What I learned to do came from presurgical precautions to avoid staff infections when the recommendation was to use the anti-bacterial ointment Bactroban (Mupiroicin generic) by putting it inside my nostrils. It turned out that helped me when I would get these lung issues and my doctor gave me a prescription for the ointment. After 3 days, I didn't have any more symptoms from the shot, and probably some of the breathing issues were due to the oncoming sinus/respiratory infection and not just the vaccine. I didn't have a serous allergic reaction. I am told that usually happens within minutes and the data for the patients who have had anaphylaxis shows that happened within 10 or 15 minutes. I did have minor face swelling and airway swelling, but that was easily controlled with my steroid inhaler, and my arm was sore for 3 days. I suggest discuss your concerns with your allergist, and have antihistamines and a steroid inhaler available if the need arises. I also had a prescription for oral Prednisone from the ER, but couldn't fill it because the pharmacy was closed, and on Day 2, I felt OK, so I didn't fill it. My inhaler was doing the job. Asthma and other lung disease is a big risk factor if you get a Covid infection and would increase the risk of it being a serious problem, so it is best to ask your doctor who treats your asthma about your benefit or risk of the vaccination..

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I just wanted to post some follow up information about my reaction to the first dose of Pfizer Covid vaccine. I discussed this with my doctor and he said I was at risk if I did or didn't do the 2nd vaccination. He did give me clearance to get the 2nd dose with his recommendation of taking Benadryl and Vitamin C beforehand, making sure I had enough sleep and using the steroid asthma inhaler that I have. I did try to get the 2nd dose, but the hospital won't not give it to me because I could not prove that my doctor had approved it since I had an allergic reaction to the first dose within 4 hours. They tried to reach my doctor by phone, but could not, and his records were not in Epic, so they couldn't look it up on their computer system. My doctor also said I could get the Johnson & Johnson vaccine instead and a week later, it was approved for use. He also said that is the one he would choose for himself because of the type of immune response that would involve T cells. I have been searching, but not finding the J & J just yet, and I hope I won't run into similar problems.

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