Nicotine/smoking and aggressive prostate cancer

In looking for any correlation between prostate cancer and nicotine or tobacco use, I was surprised by an article published in 2018 by Harvard Medical School summarizing an Austrian study:
https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/smoking-tied-to-more-aggressive-prostate-cancer-2018112615452
In summary: After roughly six years of follow-up, the data told a clear story: prostate cancer patients who smoked were nearly twice as likely to die of their disease (89% higher risk) than nonsmokers. In addition, the risk that their cancers would spread was 151% higher, and there was a 40% higher risk that their prostate-specific antigen levels would rise again after surgery, signaling the cancer’s return.