Swollen Tongue no one knows why
It started last August with my lips and cheek swelling lasted about 24 hours, a couple of weeks later it was my tongue. I’ve ended up in the emergency room because of the swelling but seven months later the Doctors have told me they don’t know. I have had all the blood work done and all looks good but every 20 to 30 days my tongue swells so much I can’t talk or even drink water. When this does happen all I take is 60mg of prednisone (don’t know if it actually works) my main concern is that I might choke especially when it happens in the middle of the night. Any ideas anyone?
Interested in more discussions like this? Go to the Ear, Nose & Throat (ENT) Support Group.
Yes! My thyroid was normal and all my blood work normal. I saw an allergist and he did not think it was an allergy. My antibodies were low. He just called it unexplained angioedema 🙄
Weirdddd. I have never had a doc tell me angioedema. They always tell me it needs to be much bigger to be considered angioedema. They all say it is just normal swelling. I know that during the day we do and eat things thst are irritating to the tongue.
Several thoughts (which I will preface with the statement that I am NOT a medical professional, just a poor unfortunate soul who's done a lot of research trying to figure out what's wrong with her):
1. If you have not already, have your Vitamin B12 checked; a sore, swollen, "beefy red" (boy was that weird to read in my office visit notes) and/or smooth tongue is characteristic of a B12 deficiency. The ridges/ripples/scallops/waves along the edges are typical signs of a swollen tongue, regardless of cause ( @johannahansen and @sbouchard77 ). Wearing a mouth guard, even if just for one night to assess if it's a teeth grinding problem, should "clear out" the ridges temporarily. Someone mentioned a "borderline low" B12 deficiency; I would advise him or her to check their actual lab results, as often there will be a level that, while not flagged low/deficient, comes with a disclaimer that some people within that level will still show symptoms of deficiency that should warrant considering treatment. Of particular importance to note is the frequent mention of proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) including Pantoprazole/Protonix and Omeprazole/Prilosec and to a slightly lesser extent H2 blockers including Famotidine/Pepcid and Ranitidine/Zantac can prevent absorption of vitamins (B12 in particular) with long-term use and are associated with increased risk of B12 deficiency.
2. My immediate reaction when reading a lot of these posts was "Mastocytosis and/or Mast Cell Activation Disorder." These cause allergic reactions, often unpredictable and from varying and often changing triggers, that can be as severe as an anaphylactic reaction like we normally associate with bee stings (lip/tongue/throat swelling, hives, itching, etc.). These are most frequently treated by allergists/immunologists (like most of you were) and are typically treated with a regimen of the drugs you received: H1 antihistamines (Claritin/Loratidine, Zyrtec, etc.); H2 antihistamines (Famotidine/Pepcid, Ranitidine/Zantac, etc.); Leukotriene Inhibitors (Singulair/Montelukast, etc.) and when GERD continues to be problematic, a PPI (Omeprazole/Prilosec, Pantoprazole/Protonix, etc.). Mastocytosis is fairly well-known, so I suspect you would have likely been tested for that by any competent allergist/immunologist (usually involves a consistently elevated tryptase level), but Mast Cell Activation Syndromes are a more "recent" discovery/definition and may not be as widely known. Check out https://tmsforacure.org/overview/ for a wealth of information on both mastocytosis and mast cell activation syndromes.
3. In terms of general allergies, if you have not already, ask about having your Total IgE - if your level is normal, it's unlikely (although not impossible) that allergies are playing a role; learn more at https://labtestsonline.org/tests/total-ige. You can also have Allergen-specific IgE levels tested if there's something you specifically suspect is causing your symptoms (ex., the question about dog dander or food allergies); see https://labtestsonline.org/tests/allergy-blood-testing.
4. Finally, as more of a long-shot, I wanted to mention the recent discovery of meat allergies resulting from tick bites. @jerryd 's mention of moving to a lakefront location with lots of open fields reminded me of an article I read recently about it. If I recall correctly, it's more frequently associated with men and there's a delayed reaction between ingestion and symptoms. OH, I just found this article -- Jerry, tell me this doesn't sound like you?: "If you start to have trouble breathing in the middle of the night, you probably are not going to blame the hamburger you had for dinner." https://labtestsonline.org/news/meat-allergy-tick-bites-most-common-cause-anaphylaxis-clinic
Good luck folks! Hope you find some relief/answers.
Found the original article I read! It's a little lengthy/scientific, but if anyone's interested: https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/24/magazine/what-the-mystery-of-the-tick-borne-meat-allergy-could-reveal.html
@jerryd - here were some highlights I thought might be relevant for you:
"Once sensitized, some victims find that they can no longer tolerate beef, pork, lamb — even milk or butter, foodstuffs with only very small amounts of alpha-gal. Several factors can also affect the severity of the allergic reaction, or if there is an allergic reaction at all. Grilled meat is less allergenic than other methods of preparation that preserve more of its fat. Fatty meat leads to more alpha-gal crossing a person’s gut barrier into his or her circulatory system, triggering a stronger immune reaction than leaner cuts. A study of German patients also found that alcohol imbibed with meat can push people toward an allergic reaction, as can exercise; both actions make the gut more permeable, exposing the immune system to more alpha-gal."
"The good news is that, provided you’re not bitten by a tick again, sometimes the meat allergy fades on its own. A year after his visit to the emergency room, under Scott Commin’s supervision, Niegelsky began introducing small amounts of lean meat into his diet. The idea is to test the possibility that his allergic alpha-gal antibodies have subsided to the point that his immune system no longer attacks the sugar. It took Niegelsky about a week to muster the courage to take his first bite of pork tenderloin. He waited anxiously for six hours. When nothing happened, he moved on to steak."
Sure is a fascinating possibility (At least to a nerd like me!)!
eabody88 WOW and WOW!! Thank you so much for posting such an amazing, informative and very complete synopsis for all of us. I will be reading the information you have referenced and will respond.
I thank you thank you for looking into these issues!
Thank you for such a detailed response!
My vitamin b12 level was within the reference range but I did have a doc tell me it is boarderline low.
I have also had various allergy blood tests, allergy skin tests, and inflammation markers that are all normal.
I have had a few instances of horrible asthma/illness in the recent months (my anxiety kicks out a lot of Histamine causing me to be itchy, have already had labs to prove it’s not liver issues) and I’ve been on prednisone bursts for that. The swelling is still there. I ask my boyfriend when it feels and looks swollen to me and he says no different than normal. I might have to just top it off as anxiety (I have a ton or health anxiety and am about to start a new medication, hoping this one works) it might just be TMJ and me pushing my tongue into my teeth.
Another thought I had was the TMJ narrowed my teeth? I’ll have to check with my dentist.
I already take a ppi along with Zantac (as my gerd has kicked up a ton with my anxiety) and have taken montelukast in the past with no change.
Of note I should mention the swelling never affects my breathing, just puts me into a panic. Yes I’ve had asthm issues recently but it has been pneumonia and typical wheezing (only heard in the lower lungs with a stethoscope) so not an upper airway issue
I've had persistent and recurrent angioedema since December 2021 (officially) but possibly back to June 2021 when my PCP started me on Lipitor. Since December the Angioedema has been present 100% of the time but maybe 70% of the time it's been intolerable. In retrospect we now know a lot of the issues I was having were due to a statin reaction. In December the Angioedema onset was over a few hours. Prior to that I didn't notice the swelling but looking back at pictures of me from the previous 6 months you can see the swelling was slowly growing. I was complaining of swollen/numb upper lip and my teeth hurt... all of them. It felt like they were free floating in head. Prednisone would help bring down the inflammation to a less painful level but never completely resolves it. We finally identified the Lipitor reaction as my kidney labs showed I was in failure (GFR - 14) and I developed Rhabdomyolysis. I was a train wreck. I still am.. The Rhabdo causes extreme muscle pain and will take 3-4 months post stopping the drug to hopefully completely resolve. From what I'm reading Angioedema can be drug induced and Statins is one of the drugs (along with NSAIDS, Ace inhibitors and a few others) and can continue to pop up after you discontinue the med. So I may have to sit in my bed for another 2 months to see if both the Rhabdo and the Angioedema resolve.
My Allergist tested C4 to rule out hereditary but other than that they have almost ignored it so once again I'm doing the research to figure out if the type of Angioedema can be identified and possible treatment options.
I put links to 2 good publications below.
There are multiple sub-types of Angioedema and some can be ruled out easily to narrow down etiology and treatment. I'm summarizing what I've read in these 2 links as well as multiple studies. I'm not a physician, but I am a nurse so I can sift through the medical terms easier. Even then, I still find Immunology hard to absorb.
Hereditary angioedema - Can be diagnosed with C4 and C1 inhibitor lab tests
Acute allergic angioedema - Usually presents WITH a rash or hives steroids and antihistamines will significantly improve.
Non-allergic drug reaction - Presents WITHOUT hives. Can be induced and Statins , NSAIDS, Ace inhibitors and a few others. Prednisone helps some with inflammation initially but does not resolve. We think this is what I have but I'm also on Xolair which suppresses hives and is working well. The diagnosis follows the Hereditary angioedema pathway except C4 is normal and C1 is abnormal. This is where my Allergist missed. He ordered the C4 but not the C1.
Acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency. - Like Drug Induced without the drug catalyst
Idiopathic angioedema - The left over bucket they cant figure out
Vibratory angioedema - Caused by repetitive vibrations like riding a motorcycle or using power tools that work with vibration.
Of thge 10,000 papers, studies and articles I've read, these 2 gave me a few tools to narrow down what the cause might be. Then maybe a treatment plan can evolve. I hope it helps you.
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22632-angioedema
https://dermnetnz.org/topics/angioedema
My tongue gets swollen at times too, I bite my cheeks, my own tongue. So sorry you have this going on, I feel you frustration, hope there is an answer for you.
I hope I'm almost done. If the Rhabdomyolysis and Angioedema are Statin induced I might be on the downside of my last hill. 3-4 months to recover after discontinuing the Lipitor. I'm at 9 weeks. I've been doing this for 2 1/2 years now between Long Covid and the overlapping Statin reaction. Every time I think I'm done when the dust settles something else pops up. I feel like I've run the gamut.
@iandalrymple - You said you aren't sure if the Prednisone works. I wasn't either. I finally figured out the prednisone only helped when I was so swollen it felt like my teeth were free floating in my head. It hurt so bad to eat anything. The prednisone really only helped to reduce the inflammation so it wasn't so painful. That's because mine is not an allergic based.
In those links it helps you break down if its allergic Angioedema or not. If it's allergic then Prednisone but also Benadryl and antihistamines daily should help. If its allergic it's usually accompanied by a rash. Also, when you take a high dose of Prednisone you should taper down.
Be sure and check your meds. If prednisone doesn't help much it could be drug induced. NSAIDs like Advil, Ace Inhibitors, and Statins (cholesterol meds).