@steveinarizona Thank you for your extensive input on surgical knee procedure. I am fascinated by your condemnation of the tourniquet during knee surgery. When surgeons elect not to use a tourniquet, or have one available to them, do they not risk a bloody field which could potentially cause for a less secure bone-implant bond? What does the surgeon use to control bleeding, are they relying upon extensive electro-cautery? I realize that transexamic acid is used as well but I have heard that some surgeons use both the acid and the tourniquet. I too, would think that tourniquet-less surgery would result in far less bruising and I would be all for that but how do they keep the field free of blood? I do not know if I would be comfortable going in to a surgery without the tourniquet being available to the Doc... just in case...