The affect of beta blockers on adrenaline and cortisol levels.

Posted by megz @megz, Nov 3 5:37pm

There's a fair bit of discussion on adrenal insufficiency or low adrenal levels being a reason for difficulty reducing prednisone. I wonder how many of us take beta blockers (Metoprolol in my case) for blood pressure control? They reduce the production of adrenaline, the precursor to the production of cortisone, the inflammation regulator. How does that medication affect our ability to get the adrenals and adrenaline going again as we reduce prednisone/prednisolone?

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@megz

The language used to describe the affects of certain drugs in my opinion are designed to make the medications sound better than they are. Beta blockers "prevent the release of adrenaline and noradrenaline in certain parts of the body". They highlight the heart as a "certain part" because that's what the med is prescribed for. They can also affect lungs, kidney function and blood sugar levels, so the reduced function and production of adrenaline is more widespread through the body.

As I understand it, cortisol follows the production of adrenaline - adrenaline stimulates the production of ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) which is what stimulates cortisol production.
"The body releases cortisol after adrenaline, when the immediate stress has passed but the body still needs to cope."
(Cleveland Clinic)

Having adrenaline blocked in the heart and sometimes the lungs are significant places for it to be blocked. That's where natural adrenalin is used most, as well as in allergic reactions, so it would make sense that normal adrenaline production would drop with beta blockers.

I mentioned this to my doctor after starting on prednisolone, but as doctors do, she wouldn't discuss the beta blocker, or the dosage, or the possible interaction with prednisone because it was prescribed by a cardiologist years ago. From the general practitioner's bible: never tread on a specialist's toes, right or wrong. So I reduced the beta blocker gradually myself last year to half the dose, then let my doctor know. She said nothing about it but watches my blood pressure which is always still normal or slightly low. I believe the medication reduction was only possible because of a complete overhaul of my diet to low carbohydrate eating and eliminating processed food last year.
NOTE: do not reduce beta blockers yourself. Sudden reductions can be very bad for your health.

I have a new doctor for the next year, so I'll ask him for his thoughts on all this at the next appointment.

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@megz
All I know is my PCP said I could not take beta blockers for my high blood pressure because of my asthma. So I was put on cozaar and hydrodiurel for my BP. Later when I was diagnosed with SVT, I was put on a calcium channel blocker, Verapamil, which has a duel use for high blood pressure also.
This was all long before I was diagnosed with PMR. However, I was intermittently on prednisone short term for asthma and inflammatory arthritis.

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@jlo2252

@megz
All I know is my PCP said I could not take beta blockers for my high blood pressure because of my asthma. So I was put on cozaar and hydrodiurel for my BP. Later when I was diagnosed with SVT, I was put on a calcium channel blocker, Verapamil, which has a duel use for high blood pressure also.
This was all long before I was diagnosed with PMR. However, I was intermittently on prednisone short term for asthma and inflammatory arthritis.

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I was on Losartin (Cozaar) and Hydrochlorothiazide (Hydrodiurel) also. My calcium channel blocker was Amlodipine (Norvasc). All of these medications were started after PMR was diagnosed. A cardiologist threatened me with starting a Beta Blocker if the above three medications didn't work. A cholesterol lowering medication was added at my next cardiology visit.

I took high doses (60-100 mg) of Prednisone intermittently and often but only on a short term basis before PMR was diagnosed. Usually I took the highest dose for a couple of days followed by a fast taper in a month for flares of uveitis and inflammatory arthritis. I didn't seem to have any other health related problems except for trigeminal neuralgia. I didn't have a PCP or a rheumatologist because my ophthalmologist prescribed all the prednisone for uveitis.

After PMR was diagnosed, I was on Prednisone daily and long term for more than 12 years starting with a dose of 40 mg. I was seen by my first rheumatologist and a PCP referred me to multiple specialists for a variety of health problems. I stopped seeing a neurologist because they wouldn't prescribe Prednisone so my PCP managed trigeminal neuralgia with more Prednisone when I needed it.

I never got much lower than 10 mg in 12 years until I started Actemra, Then it took a year for me to taper off prednisone.

I was able to have surgery for trigeminal neuralgia when I was still taking Prednisone. That was when I first saw an endocrinologist who was concerned about all the Prednisone I needed prior to having surgery. She watched me like a hawk until she was convinced I wasn't going to have an adrenal crisis. I just remember all the steroids that were being administered to me after brain surgery. A large vein was found to be compressing my trigeminal nerve and caused electrical problems.

When I started my blood pressure medications, a BP of 210/110 was discovered. I had no prior history of hypertension or any cardiovascular problems. All of a sudden I had left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and cardiac arrhythmias. A year or so later I had a massive and bilateral pulmonary embolism following a hospital acquired and work related enteric infection. I wound up in intensive care and warfarin for life was started.

All my blood pressure medication have been stopped when I was able to taper off Prednisone. I was getting dizzy and lightheaded all the time. Warfarin for life was stopped a few months ago. In fact, almost all my medications except for Actemra have been stopped since I discontinued Prednisone. My PCP likes to deprescribe medications. She said she likes that part of medicine.

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@dadcue

"So I can't be converted to a life-is-better-without-prednisone position till I have a reasonably good chance of that being true."
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The above is really the essence of it all. I wasn't able to resist increasing my prednisone dose either. The treatment for adrenal insufficiency is more prednisone although hydrocortisone is preferred. My endocrinologist said something to me as I was struggling with the idea of stopping prednisone after "decades" of use. She said I "could" and "should" restart prednisone for any reason if I felt the need.

My endocrinologist wouldn't speculate about what "would happen" if I stopped prednisone because she didn't know. She just wanted me to know about things that "could happen" so some safeguards were put in place.

I never converted to the idea that prednisone gave me my life back. I desperately wanted to be off prednisone because my "quality of life" was almost nil when I needed to take prednisone every day.

Prednisone was very hard on my body when I used it "long term" however, "short term" use wasn't so bad. Basically, all the research in the world confirms this. My rheumatologist still prescribes prednisone for trips when I'm away from home just in case a need arises.
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I'm aware of the warnings about the increased risk of serious infections when a person takes Actemra. It is important to weigh those risks before starting Actemra. For me, I weighed the risks against the following: "Infection Risk and Safety of Corticosteroid Use"
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4751577/#:~:text=Observational%20studies%20have%20consistently%20demonstrated,risk%20of%20serious%20bacterial%20infections.
My rheumatologist was very concerned about taking Prednisone in combination with any other medication that suppressed my immune system. Fortunately, I was able to taper off Prednisone relatively quickly after Actemra was initiated. There isn't any concern about being unable to stop Actemra abruptly when an infection occurs.

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I have heard about everyone trying to get off prednisone. I have been on and off prednisone for 30 + years and my rheumatologist just raised my P to 15 mg a day. I haven't felt better for two years. I am 78 yo and have normal bone density probably due to the amount of exercise I get. Please let me know what all the problems I am going to have? I was dx with PMR over 30 years ago. For about 15 years I would have yearly bouts of PMR and would take 10 mg of P and over 2 to three months taper to zero. When the PMR came more often I was on 2 mg P for about 10 years and that made it bearable then 5 mg P per day, 10 mg per day and just recently 15, which is the most I have ever been on and I feel it is over kill. Again, after been mainly on and off P what is going to happen to me? I feel great now.

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@jfannarbor

I have heard about everyone trying to get off prednisone. I have been on and off prednisone for 30 + years and my rheumatologist just raised my P to 15 mg a day. I haven't felt better for two years. I am 78 yo and have normal bone density probably due to the amount of exercise I get. Please let me know what all the problems I am going to have? I was dx with PMR over 30 years ago. For about 15 years I would have yearly bouts of PMR and would take 10 mg of P and over 2 to three months taper to zero. When the PMR came more often I was on 2 mg P for about 10 years and that made it bearable then 5 mg P per day, 10 mg per day and just recently 15, which is the most I have ever been on and I feel it is over kill. Again, after been mainly on and off P what is going to happen to me? I feel great now.

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"Please let me know what all the problems I am going to have?"
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You might not have any problems as long as you can still taper off. The higher the dose and the longer you take prednisone it becomes harder and harder to taper off.

I took prednisone for 30+ years too. High doses of 60-100 mg was okay as long I could taper off in a month the same as you. I did this for 20 years for flares but not for flares of PMR.

The flares I had would recur once ... maybe twice per year. I didn't have problems except for cataracts at the age of 40.

When PMR was diagnosed my starting dose was 40 mg. I was still on 30 mg after 5 years and 20 mg after 10 years. After 12 years I still needed 10 mg most of the time. I flared whenever I tapered down to 7 mg and had to go back to 15 mg every time. I don't know how many times I relapsed because I lost count.

The problem I had with tapering off prednisone was adrenal insufficiency. I didn't realize how much of a problem I had until I started a biologic and I could taper down to 3 mg of prednisone. When my cortisol level was checked I was told in no uncertain terms to stop tapering. I needed a referral to see an endocrinologist because of a very low cortisol level.
https://academic.oup.com/mr/article-abstract/32/5/891/6511018?redirectedFrom=fulltext
Adrenal insufficiency was just the last of a long list of prednisone related complications I had. Daily prednisone for 12 years to treat PMR was NOT good for me. I'm doing much better on the biologic that I have now been on for 5 years. I have been off Prednisone for almost 4 years. My quality of life wasn't very good on Prednisone compared to how I currently feel.

My PMR journey hasn't ended even though I am off prednisone

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