Also - google FRAX assessment - it calculates your 10 year fracture risk. If you're a 10 year fracture risk is less than 15%, you do not need to go on medication's at this time. I am from Canada, and the Canadian osteoporosis guidelines are pretty thorough and have just been updated based on this. My 10 year fracture risk was 11% and that did not need medication. My doctor prescribed me a bisphosphonate without talking to me about anything. It was all the research I did contacting osteoporosis Canada and calculating my fracture risk which made me decide. I was not a candidate at this time. Also look up the ONERO program in Australia. DR. Beck - her papers indicate that by increasing resistance training with some impact training is very helpful with improving bone density. The goal is heavyweights though. I only have osteopenia in my spine and my hips were -2.8 so very similar to your numbers. I had no previous fracture, and have not been on steroid meds.