Why are dosages for estrogen suppression drugs one-size-fits-all?

Posted by gldilli @gldilli, Mar 28, 2023

Why is the dosage for Anastrozole (and any other AI) the same for everyone no matter your weight or size? Does this-one size-fits-all approach have an impact on side effects, risk of recurrence, etc. I’d like to know what the medical community has to say.

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@elliej

I wanted to read this study, but the address is ‘not found’. I too was prescribed an AI and declined, due to standard protocols and dosage. I am 74, weigh 108 lbs (with partial Osteopenia) and have good health (exception BC with recent lumpectomy followed by 5day rad) My Oncologist has been outwardly upset with me and my husband for refusing any AI. At the time of my surgery and post treatment, I was given a choice, radiation or AI or both. I choice radiation. I am closely monitoring my breasts and praying no recurrence. The standard protocols call for a one-size treatment for all BC sufferers.

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Am pasting the abstract of that article here:

. 2014 Aug;14(4):291-6. doi: 10.1016/j.clbc.2013.12.008. Epub 2013 Dec 27.
Does obesity interfere with anastrozole treatment? Positive association between body mass index and anastrozole plasma levels
Michael Hubalek 1, Anne Oberguggenberger 2, Beate Beer 3, Verena Meraner 2, Monika Sztankay 2, Herbert Oberacher 3, Birthe Schubert 3, Ludwig Wildt 4, Beata Seeber 4, Johannes Giesinger 2, Georg Kemmler 2, Bernhard Holzner 2, Barbara Sperner-Unterweger 2
Affiliations expand
PMID: 24468298 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2013.12.008
Abstract
Introduction: The efficacy of adjuvant endocrine treatment with aromatase inhibitors (AIs), inhibiting the conversion of androgens to estrogen in adipose tissue, might depend on the overall volume of adipose tissue. However, little evidence is available regarding the pharmacokinetic behavior of AIs in women with obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction between body mass index (BMI) and anastrozole treatment as well as estrogenic activity.

Patients and methods: A total of 216 postmenopausal patients with early-stage breast cancer who were receiving AI treatment with anastrozole constituted the final sample included in the analysis. During a regular 3-month after-care check-up, sociodemographic and clinical data and BMI were assessed. Blood samples were collected during routine blood testing. Measurement of AI plasma levels was performed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol were measured within the routine blood examination.

Results: A median anastrozole plasma concentration of 34.7 ng/mL (mean, 37.4), with a large interindividual variability, was observed (SD, 15.1; range, 5.4-86.5). After age adjustment, it was found that anastrozole plasma concentrations significantly increased with BMI (r = 0.241; P = .001). Anastrozole serum concentrations in women with obesity (BMI ≥ 30) exceeded those of women with normal weight (BMI ≤ 25) by 25%. Women with excess weight had lower mean FSH levels, indicating higher estrogenic activity, compared with women with normal weight.

Conclusion: This study indicates that BMI is a vital factor in anastrozole metabolism, as measured by anastrozole plasma concentration and FSH levels. Further research is mandatory to clarify results on the association of obesity and AI treatment efficacy to allow adapting AI treatment accordingly.

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@dlmdinia

The dosage for Letrozole was discussed here on another thread maybe a year or so back. Because of that discussion I asked my oncologist and he agreed to put me on a half dose. I will look for the research. In the meantime I found this research on Anastrazole. I'm providing the link, but I've also cut/pasted the most pertinent paragraph. The parenthesis content is my addition.
https://www.drugs.com/pro/anastrozole.html

(estradiol=estrogen)

Mean serum concentrations of estradiol were evaluated in multiple daily dosing trials with 0.5, 1, 3, 5, and 10 mg of Anastrozole tablets in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer. Clinically significant suppression of serum estradiol was seen with all doses. Doses of 1 mg and higher resulted in suppression of mean serum concentrations of estradiol to the lower limit of detection (3.7 pmol/L). The recommended daily dose, Anastrozole tablets 1 mg, reduced estradiol by approximately 70% within 24 hours and by approximately 80% after 14 days of daily dosing. Suppression of serum estradiol was maintained for up to 6 days after cessation of daily dosing with Anastrozole tablets 1 mg.

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Thanks for posting this info and link! I would really like to find the original article with the clinical data. I came across a 1996 article, very small groups, also about dosing and am wondering about the 'below level of detection' difference betw .5 and 1 mg of Arimidex, but which is mentioned that result found 24 hrs after last dose...so doesn't explicitly mention if that was also the case during the 14-day testing period....(study funded by Zeneca, btw)

Arimidex (ZD1033): a selective, potent inhibitor of aromatase in postmenopausal female volunteers
RA Yates', M Dowsett2, GV Fisher', A Selen3 and PJ Wyld4 'Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SKIO 4TG, UK; 2Royal Marsden Hospital, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, UK; 3Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, 1800 Concord Pike, Wilmington, USA; 4Inveresk Clinical Research Ltd, Riccarton, Edinburgh, UK.
Summary
Two multiple-dose studies were conducted in healthy post-menopausal female volunteers to investigate the pharmacokinetics and effects on endocrinology of Arimidex (ZD1033). Volunteers in the first trial were dosed with 3 mg of ZD1033 daily over 10 days to assess the effects on endocrinology of ZD1033 and establish the pharmacokinetic profile. In the second trial volunteers received 14 daily doses of either 0.5 or 1.0 mg of ZD1033 to assess the pharmacokinetics of ZD1033 and the effects of low doses of ZD1033 on serum oestradiol concentrations. Following multiple dosing a significant reduction in the concentration of serum oestradiol of approximately 80% of baseline was obtained with all three doses; no recovery in oestradiol was apparent for up to 144 h after the last dose. There was no overall difference in the level of oestradiol suppression between the 0.5 or 1.0 mg doses of ZD1033. However, comparison of the number of volunteers with oestradiol concentrations below the limits of detection of the assay, 24 h after the last dose of ZD1033, suggested that 1.0 mg was the minimal dose required for maximal suppression of oestradiol.

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@cashemire

Thanks for posting this info and link! I would really like to find the original article with the clinical data. I came across a 1996 article, very small groups, also about dosing and am wondering about the 'below level of detection' difference betw .5 and 1 mg of Arimidex, but which is mentioned that result found 24 hrs after last dose...so doesn't explicitly mention if that was also the case during the 14-day testing period....(study funded by Zeneca, btw)

Arimidex (ZD1033): a selective, potent inhibitor of aromatase in postmenopausal female volunteers
RA Yates', M Dowsett2, GV Fisher', A Selen3 and PJ Wyld4 'Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SKIO 4TG, UK; 2Royal Marsden Hospital, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, UK; 3Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, 1800 Concord Pike, Wilmington, USA; 4Inveresk Clinical Research Ltd, Riccarton, Edinburgh, UK.
Summary
Two multiple-dose studies were conducted in healthy post-menopausal female volunteers to investigate the pharmacokinetics and effects on endocrinology of Arimidex (ZD1033). Volunteers in the first trial were dosed with 3 mg of ZD1033 daily over 10 days to assess the effects on endocrinology of ZD1033 and establish the pharmacokinetic profile. In the second trial volunteers received 14 daily doses of either 0.5 or 1.0 mg of ZD1033 to assess the pharmacokinetics of ZD1033 and the effects of low doses of ZD1033 on serum oestradiol concentrations. Following multiple dosing a significant reduction in the concentration of serum oestradiol of approximately 80% of baseline was obtained with all three doses; no recovery in oestradiol was apparent for up to 144 h after the last dose. There was no overall difference in the level of oestradiol suppression between the 0.5 or 1.0 mg doses of ZD1033. However, comparison of the number of volunteers with oestradiol concentrations below the limits of detection of the assay, 24 h after the last dose of ZD1033, suggested that 1.0 mg was the minimal dose required for maximal suppression of oestradiol.

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Thank You for giving us this information. I find it helpful to ask the questions and then find some possible answers. Many women refuse these treatments due to being a one size fits all. I think it is very helpful to understand why it is this way.

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I too am curious on the drugs given after surgery and radiation. I am post menopausal and honestly am dreading the drugs thinking they may break down my body more instead of really helping it. Why is there not a discussion of foods we eat and possibly other herbs etc that we are taking talking points when it comes to Estrogen suppression. For instance if one where to cut out all possibly hormone containing foods, for example meats that have hormones or dairy, and any other herbal/vitamin supplement that elevates estrogen along with testing our estrogen levels to see what they are dealing with for each patient on an individual basis instead of prescribing the one size fits all drug treatments. For me my weight and bmi index is good but I do work at it and have for years. I am sure the 2 lobular cancer masses in my right breast (grade 1) were happily growing from the hormone therapy I was doing, but if all that had been cut out and diet completely looked at and reviewed, then do we need all the after drugs? It is giving more anxiety then the actual surgery.

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@positiveinma

I too am curious on the drugs given after surgery and radiation. I am post menopausal and honestly am dreading the drugs thinking they may break down my body more instead of really helping it. Why is there not a discussion of foods we eat and possibly other herbs etc that we are taking talking points when it comes to Estrogen suppression. For instance if one where to cut out all possibly hormone containing foods, for example meats that have hormones or dairy, and any other herbal/vitamin supplement that elevates estrogen along with testing our estrogen levels to see what they are dealing with for each patient on an individual basis instead of prescribing the one size fits all drug treatments. For me my weight and bmi index is good but I do work at it and have for years. I am sure the 2 lobular cancer masses in my right breast (grade 1) were happily growing from the hormone therapy I was doing, but if all that had been cut out and diet completely looked at and reviewed, then do we need all the after drugs? It is giving more anxiety then the actual surgery.

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Every thing you mentioned is actually what I think too. I a one estrogen bock since my breast surgery two years ago.
This is a very lonely journey.

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@positiveinma

I too am curious on the drugs given after surgery and radiation. I am post menopausal and honestly am dreading the drugs thinking they may break down my body more instead of really helping it. Why is there not a discussion of foods we eat and possibly other herbs etc that we are taking talking points when it comes to Estrogen suppression. For instance if one where to cut out all possibly hormone containing foods, for example meats that have hormones or dairy, and any other herbal/vitamin supplement that elevates estrogen along with testing our estrogen levels to see what they are dealing with for each patient on an individual basis instead of prescribing the one size fits all drug treatments. For me my weight and bmi index is good but I do work at it and have for years. I am sure the 2 lobular cancer masses in my right breast (grade 1) were happily growing from the hormone therapy I was doing, but if all that had been cut out and diet completely looked at and reviewed, then do we need all the after drugs? It is giving more anxiety then the actual surgery.

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Good god! So happy to hear of your analysis of one-size fits all prescription across the board. In my case it was Anastrozole.

I believe in research and I have spent hours trying to figure if I really needed this drug - if the side effects were worth the lost quality of life I was experiencing had a value.

My on line research and input from medical advisors always generally included my ongoing experiences under ‘less common’ side effects. I felt like a ‘stranger in a strange land’ - a hypochondriac at best and a fool otherwise. As my one particular debilitating side effect got worse, i continued to mentally question and research the the value and need of my taking Anestrozole. It was a lonely search until this past week when I came across 2 articles that made me feel ‘you are not crazy!’ They brought what I respectfully call my Sophie’s Choice to my decision worthy of my research and eventual decision.
I will try and forward these articles under a separate entry. Don’t want to lose this response.
Here is the address otherwise 🙏🤞

https//www.ncbi.nim.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3587979/

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@auntieoakley

Thank You for giving us this information. I find it helpful to ask the questions and then find some possible answers. Many women refuse these treatments due to being a one size fits all. I think it is very helpful to understand why it is this way.

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Indeed ‘one size fits all’ is the first abstract question that probably occurs to all and rightfully so. Once you find this understanding - your deeper needs and understandings are regarding side effects and are the challenge confronting us. Making your search concerning each side effect is the toughest endeavor. Prioritizing them, dealing with what you can. Collaboration can be helpful - or it can be another side effect in your need to make the decision for YOU!

This is the extra layer of understanding and concern that is preaching to the choir - fair enough if that is all you can offer. 🤷🏼‍♀️

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@positiveinma

I too am curious on the drugs given after surgery and radiation. I am post menopausal and honestly am dreading the drugs thinking they may break down my body more instead of really helping it. Why is there not a discussion of foods we eat and possibly other herbs etc that we are taking talking points when it comes to Estrogen suppression. For instance if one where to cut out all possibly hormone containing foods, for example meats that have hormones or dairy, and any other herbal/vitamin supplement that elevates estrogen along with testing our estrogen levels to see what they are dealing with for each patient on an individual basis instead of prescribing the one size fits all drug treatments. For me my weight and bmi index is good but I do work at it and have for years. I am sure the 2 lobular cancer masses in my right breast (grade 1) were happily growing from the hormone therapy I was doing, but if all that had been cut out and diet completely looked at and reviewed, then do we need all the after drugs? It is giving more anxiety then the actual surgery.

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I’m with you!!!
I’m taking Breast Defend which contains a natural estrogen suppressant.

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@ginip

Good god! So happy to hear of your analysis of one-size fits all prescription across the board. In my case it was Anastrozole.

I believe in research and I have spent hours trying to figure if I really needed this drug - if the side effects were worth the lost quality of life I was experiencing had a value.

My on line research and input from medical advisors always generally included my ongoing experiences under ‘less common’ side effects. I felt like a ‘stranger in a strange land’ - a hypochondriac at best and a fool otherwise. As my one particular debilitating side effect got worse, i continued to mentally question and research the the value and need of my taking Anestrozole. It was a lonely search until this past week when I came across 2 articles that made me feel ‘you are not crazy!’ They brought what I respectfully call my Sophie’s Choice to my decision worthy of my research and eventual decision.
I will try and forward these articles under a separate entry. Don’t want to lose this response.
Here is the address otherwise 🙏🤞

https//www.ncbi.nim.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3587979/

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Sorry your link did not connect with anything.

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@ginip

Good god! So happy to hear of your analysis of one-size fits all prescription across the board. In my case it was Anastrozole.

I believe in research and I have spent hours trying to figure if I really needed this drug - if the side effects were worth the lost quality of life I was experiencing had a value.

My on line research and input from medical advisors always generally included my ongoing experiences under ‘less common’ side effects. I felt like a ‘stranger in a strange land’ - a hypochondriac at best and a fool otherwise. As my one particular debilitating side effect got worse, i continued to mentally question and research the the value and need of my taking Anestrozole. It was a lonely search until this past week when I came across 2 articles that made me feel ‘you are not crazy!’ They brought what I respectfully call my Sophie’s Choice to my decision worthy of my research and eventual decision.
I will try and forward these articles under a separate entry. Don’t want to lose this response.
Here is the address otherwise 🙏🤞

https//www.ncbi.nim.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3587979/

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Thank you for planning to share the articles. My symptom is left leg pain and now left jaw pain when eating. These seem very odd and may not be related.

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