This may be of some guidance
Mechanism of GLP-1
GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) is a hormone that plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism. It works through several mechanisms:
Enhances Insulin Secretion: GLP-1 stimulates the pancreas to release insulin in response to food intake, helping to lower blood sugar levels.
Slows Gastric Emptying: It delays the emptying of the stomach, which helps to control appetite and reduce food intake.
Reduces Appetite: GLP-1 acts on the brain to promote feelings of fullness, further aiding in weight management.
Impact on Osteoporosis
The relationship between GLP-1 medications and osteoporosis is complex and varies based on the patient's health status:
In Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes
Potential Protective Effect: Research suggests that GLP-1 medications may lower the risk of osteoporosis in patients with type 2 diabetes. Studies indicate that these patients have a reduced incidence of osteoporosis compared to those not using GLP-1 medications.
In Individuals without Diabetes
Increased Risk: Conversely, for individuals without diabetes, GLP-1 medications may be associated with a higher risk of developing osteoporosis. This is particularly concerning for those who experience significant weight loss while on these medications, as rapid weight loss can negatively impact bone density.
Summary of Findings
Patient Group Effect of GLP-1 on Osteoporosis Risk
With Type 2 Diabetes Lower risk of osteoporosis
Without Diabetes Higher risk of osteoporosis
In conclusion, while GLP-1 medications are effective for managing blood sugar and promoting weight loss, their impact on bone health varies significantly between individuals with and without diabetes.

Sources:
epicresearch.org
Frontiers