Usually a cystoscopy is performed followed by a TURBT followed by a localized chemotherapy wash or BCG. This may become a series of such treatments. It all depends on staging and type of BC based on pathology. In advanced or high risk cases systemic (IV/port) chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy is indicated. Typically, CTs and MRIs are also indicated.

CTDNA and new trial immunotherapy neoadjuvant therapies are also available.